Critically evalute the legacy of the Chicago School of Criminology Essay

Critically evalute the legacy of the Chicago School of Criminology - Essay ExampleBefore the possessive theories in Criminology emerged, the leading theories were undefiledal criminology and positivist theories of crime. The emergence of classical school of criminology can be traced in the early 18th century lead by philosopher Jeremy Bentham who focused on flagitious justice and penology. He opined that crime results from a product of human nature and since humans posses free will, they have therefore the competency to control their own actions (Carrabine, Iganski, Lee, Plummer, and South, 2004). Bentham suggested that a criminal justice system is more reasonable as compared to the classic barbaric system of capital punishment. According to him, there should be more focus on the enforcement of the jurisprudence and the legal processes instead on the different causes of crime (Bentham, 1789).For Beccaria (1764), in his famous book On Crimes and Punishments , crimes do not exist by reason of bad individuals but from bad laws. He suggested new posture based on justice. This became major foundation of the modern criminal justice system. As asserted by the early positivist theorists, free will is out of the question in studying crime. These theorists used existential research methods by which they theorized that the causes of crimes are biological, psychological and environmental factors (Carrabine et al, 2004). This is different from the classical approach which has its sight on legal issues and crime prevention.According to the positivist criminologists, as shared by Cesare Lombroso, the causes and effects of criminal way can be directly observed. Lombroso opposed that crimes are due to human free will as criminal behavior can be inherited that there are people who are criminal type of persons that criminals are physiologically different if compared to the non-criminals that these criminals have observable physical